When Does a Token Qualify as “Electronic Money”? The Boundary Between Stablecoins and E-Money Under EU Law
The growing popularity of stablecoins is making their legal classification increasingly important. A key issue is determining whether a token offered as a “means of payment in Web3” should in fact be classified as electronic money within the meaning of the EMD2 Directive. Why does this matter? As emphasised by Wojciech Ługowski, attorney-at-law and managing […]
Incorporation and Operation of Blockchain Companies in Offshore Jurisdictions – a Regulatory Overview of Selected Jurisdictions: British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Estonia
The development and growing adoption of blockchain technology mean that Web3 projects are increasingly moving rapidly from the conceptual stage to actual business operations. At this point, one of the key decisions becomes the choice of the legal environment in which the project will be developed and, at a later stage, commercialised. When selecting a […]
Blockchain Crowdfunding – ICO, STO, IDO. How Do They Differ?
New Funding Models in the Blockchain World Technology startups operating in the blockchain space increasingly rely on alternative forms of raising capital. Instead of traditional financing (e.g. venture capital or business angels), they choose to issue tokens and use crowdfunding models based on distributed ledger technology. The most common models include Initial Coin Offering (ICO), […]
Typical Legal Mistakes of Blockchain Startups and How to Avoid Them
In the blockchain world, technology often moves faster than the law – and startups that act quickly and boldly do not always act with sufficient legal awareness. Unfortunately, many legal mistakes made in the early stages of development can hinder the scaling of a project, discourage investors, or lead to costly consequences. This is especially […]
How to do Fintech in Poland?
The latest report, How to do Fintech in Poland?, published by FinTech Poland, is a compendium of knowledge for technology companies planning to expand in Poland. Experts from the Lawarton law firm present key regulatory changes that are already affecting fintech strategies in Europe, i.e., the MiCA regulation and the new AML package. Wojciech Ługowski, in […]
Agreement on the Transfer of Funds Regulation (TFR) and the Markets in Crypto Assets (MICA)
Link to MICA Link to TFR Everyone who invests in cryptocurrencies and follows the cryptocurrency market will be interested in the content of the deals that were worked out a few days ago at the EU level. The Council presidency and the European Parliament reached the preliminary agreement on the so-called Transfer of Funds Regulation (TFR) and […]